George Lawson, Politica Sacra et Civilis

A text from 1659. From Chapter II, section 3:

The name in Hebrew is ‘am in Greek polis and that may come of polus because the matter of a community is a multitude, in Latin, civitas, populus, and here observe, that polis, polus, populus, publicus seem to have some affinity; yet we must distinguish between civitas and urbs. For the former signifies the people, the latter the place, buildings, habitations of the people. The Romans promised the Carthaginians not to destroy, civitatem Carthaginis, to make good their word, they brought out the people, which was civitas, and then ruined urbem, the place, buildings, walls, houses… Civitas also differs from respublica, as the matter from the form, the body from the soul in many writers of politics.

Lots of conceptual issues here, including the relation between various ancient languages, but also the distinction between the city as the citizens and the city as the site. Also another good example from antiquity of what modern writers call ‘urbicide’, although today this goes alongside what Derek Gregory has called the ‘death of the civilian’.

Posted in George Lawson | Leave a comment

Promotions

I’m asked increasingly often to act as a referee, for jobs, grants or awards, or in promotion cases. In theory this should be relatively straight-forward. When writing references for individuals who request them, you would only accept if you know the person and their work pretty well. In those cases, having a copy of the cv, the application letter and the job spec makes writing a reference an important, but not especially time-consuming task. For some people it’s often just an updating of a previous letter.

But ones I’ve been asked to do recently include an odd request to write an evaluation of someone who I’d never met, never heard of, and who worked in a completely different field, or with unreasonable timeframes. If the short notice is the candidate’s fault – they’ve just discovered a new grant opportunity, for instance – then I tend to be less forgiving, because courtesy towards your referees seems non-negotiable. But often this is the fault of the institution, and then it’s really hard not to work by their shrunken timescale: to miss the deadline would seem to disadvantage the candidate, when it is clearly not their fault. In such cases I always meet the deadline, even when grumbling.

There is also the amount of documentation. North American universities are the worst at this. For tenure and promotion cases they don’t want a reference, they want an evaluation. There is a big difference in workload between writing a reference letter for someone you know a little, have heard give a couple of conference presentations, have read a few pieces of their work; and being sent a box by Fed-Ex that includes one or more entire book manuscripts, most of an edited volume, a big stack of offprints and various other things in order to write an evaluation.

This is not entirely unrelated to the comments I previously made on peer-review for journal articles. There I argued that there was an exchange economy going on: I produce the need for reports because I submit articles; therefore I will review articles. A similar case could be made for promotions: because people had to write on my behalf, I should write for others. It’s a form of academic service. Absolutely, and this is why I almost always agree to do them, do them on time, and do them with as much care as they deserve. But administration demands seem to be being ramped up – tighter timescales and more documentation required, sometimes needlessly complicated online forms – and it’s not clear that this is producing a fairer or better system. It’s not immediately clear to me that the letters hold that much sway, or, at least, that several additional hours of work on a letter and preparation for writing it (i.e. reading all the material sent) would make that much difference.

Posted in Universities | Leave a comment

Roundup

Interesting review of Alberto Toscano’s Fanaticism book on The Guardian website (via Verso blog)

Video of Quentin Meillassoux in action here (in French, via Graham Harman)

I finished Wu Ming’s 54. Quite good and some nice moments. Think Eco or Pynchon but not nearly so demanding. They have an interesting website here.

And Mark Cavendish won another stage at the Tour de France, but his lead-out man Mark Renshaw was disqualified in the process for some pretty aggressive riding.

Posted in Alberto Toscano, Cycling, Quentin Meillassoux, Wu Ming | Leave a comment

Book contracts

Graham’s response to my response on book titles raises the issue of contracts. Generally you can negotiate details of contracts, or simply strike through clauses that you are not prepared to be bound by. The key one for me, which I always remove, is the ‘option clause’ – this is basically one where you commit to send your next book to the publisher, for them to look at and to give them first refusal. I’ve always refused this one. The most recent contract I signed made a point of saying that there was no ‘option clause’, and that the press hoped that by the way they treated authors, they would want to send them their next book. A very good sign early on.

I’d done a little legal work when I was a student, including working in a county court, and I think this helped. This is absolutely not to say I’ve not made mistakes – I have, and plenty of them – in book contracts. But it is important not just to accept whatever the publisher gives you (unless perhaps you’re in the unfortunate situation Graham mentions). And it’s not that because you tried so hard to get a contract that you should accept anything. If in doubt, get advice.

Posted in Publishing | 1 Comment

On books and their titles

Graham Harman has an interesting post ‘on book titles and subtitles’ here. He’s talking about the publisher desire for keywords in titles in order to help position them in the market. Fair enough, although it can have some distorting effects.

As for the other titles… well, if you’re not yet a first-time author, be aware that your book contract will include the book title, but it will also call it the “provisional book title.” And they do mean provisional. Publishers, even the very nicest ones, have a way of wanting to renegotiate the title as soon as you’ve delivered the manuscript under the old title.

Absolutely. What I find irritating about the process is not the idea that publishers want a say in the title – like the cover and blurb – but that they leave it so late. It might come as a surprise to some people (it certainly does to publishers) that when I write I am thinking about the title: it’s not some arbitrary bolt-on at the end. Graham provides some interesting background on his titles – my sense is he’s been fortunate in some of these negotiations, or maybe he’s just better at it. Tool Being, Guerrilla Metaphysics and Prince of Networks are all great titles. Here are mine…

Mapping the Present: Heidegger, Foucault and the Project of a Spatial History – I still really like this title. In retrospect, I think ‘politics of a spatial history’ would have been better, but I doubt that would have got through. As it was, I was given what I wanted here – unusual for a first-time author.

Understanding Henri Lefebvre: Theory and the Possible – the contract was signed with something like Henri Lefebvre: A Critical Introduction, which I’m glad we moved away from. (Coincidentally, Andy Merrifield’s book a couple of years later ended up with that title). Continuum were launching a few books as Understanding X. I insisted on the ‘Henri’ because of the potential confusion with other Lefebvre’s, such as the historian of the French revolution, Georges. The subtitle was hard work to get agreed, and wasn’t my first suggestion, but I quite like it now. My initial attempts had ‘politics’ in, which Continuum thought would pigeonhole the book too much.

I also did two books of Lefebvre’s writings with Continuum – Key Writings, which was branded to be like the Bergson collection they did around the same time; and Rhythmanalysis. The actual title of Lefebvre’s book would be Elements of Rhythmanalysis: An Introduction to the Understanding of Rhythms, which Continuum didn’t like. So we ended up with the English book being Rhythmanalysis: Space, Time and Everyday Life, but because it included both the French book and some separate essays on the theme, the French book itself was labelled within the book. Therefore we didn’t change Lefebvre’s title, but just repackaged it as part of a larger book. Not a bad compromise.

Speaking Against Number: Heidegger, Language and the Politics of Calculation – I think this was as it always was. I really like this title – the three words in the title are from the three main chapters: Speaking-Rhetorical Politics; Against-Polemical Politics; Number-Calculative Politics, but it also works as a phrase.

Space, Knowledge, and Power: Foucault and Geography – this was what Jeremy and I originally proposed. Ashgate pretty much agreed with our proposal, though I think we had to resist switching the title and subtitle around.

Terror and Territory: The Spatial Extent of Sovereignty. Although I’d used ‘Terror and Territory’ for a journal article, I decided to change the book’s title, and wrote the book with the title as Terror and the State of Territory, which I still think is strong. But Minnesota hated it, and refused to have it. They then proposed Post 9/11 Geopolitics as a subtitle, which I thought was terrible on so many levels, and one that no-one who had read the book could have thought appropriate (but I bet marketing loved it). The title we ended up with, which uses the title of the book’s coda as subtitle, is a bit of a mess, but better than alternatives.

The Lefebvre collection State, Space, World seemed to Neil and me to be sufficient on its own. Minnesota wanted a subtitle, and insisted on Selected Essays, which we thought was tame and dull. We tried to propose Political Essays, but that wasn’t accepted.

And for future ones – Reading Kant’s Geography is nice and simple, and better than Reading Kant’s Physical Geography which was an earlier version. Yes, the latter is more appropriate to the title of Kant’s book, but then the collection is about Kant’s work a bit more generally; and Sloterdijk Now is part of a series called ‘Theory Now’. I think I know what I want the history of the concept of territory book to be called, which is The Geometry of the Political and some subtitle, but I’m not sure publishers will like it; but The Space of the World, while somewhat bold, seems like it will go down well.

As for journal article titles, I have been tending away from subtitles recently, partly because of ‘subtitle letdown syndrome’, which I try to avoid. I can only think of one instance where I was asked to change a title by an editor, and they were right: the revised one we came up with was much better.

Posted in Mapping the Present, My Publications, Publishing, Speaking Against Number, Terror and Territory, The Birth of Territory, The Space of the World, Understanding Henri Lefebvre | 2 Comments

Cycle Superhighways

Two of the projected twelve cycle superhighways in London are about to be opened. They officially start on the 19th July. They are quite wide compared to normal cycle lanes and run either on roads or alongside them, are painted a bright blue, and clearly signed with bike symbols and signposts. Some of the signs for cyclists are covered until they open, but for drivers they are very visible already. The rest open over the next several years. Details and route maps here.

The two routes about to open are from Tower Gateway to Barking, and City (Southwark Bridge) to Merton (Colliers Wood). I’ve cycled both in recent days. It’s difficult to be critical of something being done in London for cycling, but they are not great. The one out to Merton is on pretty major roads through Clapham and Tooting, and other traffic doesn’t seem to pay much attention to them. Lots of parking in the lanes, stopping in the bike boxes at junctions, and most of the way they are shared by bus lanes. The one going east is less on roads, and they have divided some of the wider pavements, but this means you share it with pedestrians who continue to walk in it despite the pavement alongside, exercise dogs, stop and talk, etc. And even though there are markings for traffic crossing the bike lane to give way, these don’t seem to have been noticed.

They’ve painted the roads to do this, but over whatever potholes, bumps and cracks are already in the road. The paint is on pretty thick, and like other roads markings can be slick when wet. Some parts are a more gravelly consistency, which is better for grip, but judging by the amount on my tyres it won’t last for that long. So, a good idea, but a way to go.

update 7.20pm – some good discussion here

Posted in Cycling | Leave a comment

Society and Space – some figures

I became editor of Environment and Planning D: Society and Space about four years ago, initially shadowing Gerry Pratt for a few months, then taking on new submissions, and formally taking over as editor at the beginning of 2007.

In calendar year 2007, there were 132 submissions; in 2008, 157; in 2009, 176. To date in 2010 there have been 125, so if previous trends continue we are expecting over 200 papers this year.

The first volume of the journal, in 1983, had four issues, and a total of 500 pages. Each issue had four to six articles, with editorials and reviews making up the balance. With volume 10, 1992, the journal expanded to six issues a year, but kept the pages per issue the same. Until volume 21 (2003) the total number of pages remained around 780. The number of pages per issue rose to 158 and 948 for the year for volumes 22-24.

In 2007, with volume 25, the journal increased to 190 pages per issue; 1140 per volume. I now work on the basis of around nine full papers an issue, with commentaries, review essays and reviews alongside them. Very roughly we think there are 600-50 words to a page, so for text-only articles, that’s roughly 120,000 words per issue – basically a fairly substantial edited book every two months.

This means we now publish around 55 articles a year. Very roughly, about one third of papers never go to review – all papers are pre-screened by myself and the four co-editors. Of those that go to review, just over one third eventually get accepted, but usually with one or two rounds of revision.

Given the changing number of issues and pages, it’s difficult to know quickly how many papers the journal has published in total, without counting them all individually, but my guess is something like 900 papers over 28 years.

I’ve been thinking these through not just as current editor, but as the projected managing editor of a collection of volumes highlighting some of the best work in the four Environment and Planning journals. I’ll also be editor of at least one of the volumes: for that I need to select 20 papers from Society and Space.

Posted in Publishing, Society and Space | 2 Comments

Tour de France – into the Alps

Looks like Armstrong, Wiggins and Evans are all out of contention for the overall winner in the Tour – but a great battle today between Contador and Andy Schleck… although there is a long way to go that seems to be the one to watch.

Posted in Cycling | Leave a comment

Terror and Territory reviewed in Choice

Terror and Territory is reviewed in the July edition of Choice by Matthew O’Gara. The book is described as a “highly welcome work” that “interrogates the seemingly contradictory nature of state sovereignty”. It’s praised for refuting the claim that “the sovereignty of states is withering”, and for recognising that the trends analysed did not begin with Bush. The criticism is that the larger points “are at times disconnected or indirect”, but O’Gara claims that the book “nevertheless succeeds in pressing the question of the role of territorial sovereignty in an age of global capitalism and globalized rebellion”.

Posted in My Publications, Territory, Terror and Territory | Leave a comment

China Mieville – Kraken

Crooked Timber has an interesting post that mentions the novelist China Mieville and his new novel Kraken. I first came across Mieville when he edited a special issue of the journal Historical Materialism on Marxism and fantasy. I had a piece on Lefebvre’s reading of Rabelais in that issue.

Mieville is interesting in that he is both a very accomplished and prize-winning novelist and an IR theorist – he did a PhD which was later published as Between Equal Rights. It’s a very good analysis of international law from a Marxist perspective. I’ve read most of his novels which are excellent in terms of ideas, imagination and ability to write in a particular genre; but I’ve usually found disappointing in terms of plot or at least plot resolution. (I should say that I don’t normally read sci-fi or fantasy and so am not the target audience). Anyway, his new novel Kraken is out, and looks intriguing.

Posted in China Mieville, Henri Lefebvre | Leave a comment